Operator&#39;s outfit for electric welding.



E. WOLTMANN. OPERATORS OUTFIT FOR ELECTRIC WELDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. I915.

lnt'vnfvd Nov. 12, 1918.

IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNE YS WITNESSES E. WOLTMANN. OPERATOR'S OUTFIT FOR ELECTRIC.WELDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. I9I5i Patented Nov. 12, 1918.

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W I TNESSES:

A TTORNE YS.

E. WOLTMANN. 0PERATOR-S OUTFIT FOR ELECTRIC WELDING.

' APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. 1915. I I 1,284,529. I Patented N0v.12,1918.

a SHEETS-SHEEI s.

3 t I o M p INVENTOR. BY

A TTORNE YS.

STATES PATENT oFFicE.

I nansr WOLTMANN, or NEW YOR N.

OPERATORS OUTFIT FOR ELECTRIC WELDING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 12, 1918.

Application filed May 1, 1915. Serial N 0. 25,179.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST WOLTMANN, citizen ofthe United States, andresident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Operators Outfitsfor Electric Welding, of which the following is a specification.

, The object of my invention is an operators outfit or hand tool bymeans of which an inexperienced operator may repair or join metalportions by means of an electric arc and welding pencil adapted todeliver molten metal to the are which turn carries it to the metalportion 'to be welded or repaired so organized as to cause the arc tohave a fixed voltage and amperage and therefore a fixed heat, to securean even flow of welding metal.

A further object of my invention is to improve on an earlien form of aninvention as set forth in application #87 9952 31,- 1914,-.by David H.-Wilson.

In the drawings:

filed Dec.

Figure l is a side elevation of my hand.

toolwith a small portion broken away.

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the clip, a portion of which is broken awayin Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view partly in section of the bottom of the solenoid shownin Fig. 1.

F ig.- 4 is a detail.

Fig. 5 is aside elevation partly in section showing further details.

Fig. 6 is a rear view with portions removed.

Fig. 7 is a diagram of the circuits of my invention. Fig. 8 shows asectional elevation of a preferred form of construction. I

Fig. 9 is a plan view of same on line A A, Fig. 8. p

In my operators outfit, or hand tool I employ a handle 1 which may be ahollow cylinder of metal with a chased or engraved surface to enable thehand to grasp it easily without slipping. l/Vithin the cylinder 1 issecured a solenoid 2 shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The cylinder 1 is securedto the ends 3 and 4 of the solenoid magnet-by means of screws 5 and 6.The solenoid is provided with a winding covering a spool 8, hollow toform a dash-pot chamber lO to receive the armature or core 9 of thesolenoid which'is adaptchamber 10. The core is linked by means of thelug 9 to the pin 9 screwed firmly into the carbon or graphite plunger 9acting in the chamber 10 as a dash pot, air being allowed to seep by theplunger in slight quantities.- This renders the action of the coresluggish and overcomes its tendency under the spring 29 to tremble orvibrate rapidly. The movable core 9 is pivoted to a lever 12 shown inFig. 1 which in turn is pivoted at 13 in the bracket 14 which is securedto the bottom flange 4 of the solenoid spool as shown in Fig. 6. Thisbracket is provided with a nut or other binding post 15 adapted to beconnected with a main line conductor for the purpose of supplyingcurrent thereto for welding purposes.

. Upon the end of the lever 12 is secured a spring clip 16 more clearlyshown in bottom view in Fig. 2. This clip is composed of the block ofmetal having a tongue 17 adapted to fit the slot 18 in the end of thelever 12. A screw 19 passes through the end of the lever and binds thecleft portion upon the tongue 17 securely uniting them together. Uponthe block is also fixedly secured the clip member 20. This is stationaryand between it and the block is secured the spring 21 tending toseparate the clips. The other clip member 22 is loosely secured to theblock by means of the wing nut 23 and screw 24 and is held from gettingout of position by means of the pin 25 .fixed to the blockand looselypassing through a hole in the clip member 22. The two members of theclip are provided with indentations 26 to hold a pencil of welding metal27. The clip 22 is electrically united to the lever 12 by the flexiblestranded copper connection 13, one end secured under the plate 13fastened securely to the clip 20 and the other end soldered to the block13 secured by screws to the bracket 14. p

Thebracket 14 is hollowed out as indicated by the broken line 28 so thatit will draws the core 9 into itself, it extends the spring 29. Thisspring is so located that it is not materially altered in its tension bythe maximum motion of the core 9. The nearer the screw 31 is to thepivot 13, the less will be the variation in tension of the spring 29.The point of application of the spring tension to the lever is such thatas the spring is stretched and its tension. increased the point ofapplication approaches a line drawn from the pivot 30 through thefulcrum, thereby reducing the leverage efiect of the spring upon thecompensating lever. Suitable proportions will result in such a balancebetween the reduction of the leverage effect and the increase of thetension. Thus the tension of the spring 29 upon the lever is no tmaterially varied by the maximum varlatlon in position of the core 9 ofthe solenoid. The core is loosely fitted within the spool of thesolenoid and the pivots 9 are loose to provide freedom of action for thecore.

The spring 29 is so arranged as to draw the welding pencil away from theWork. The core of the solenoid on the contrary is so arranged as to drawthe pencil toward the work.

The circuits are shown in Fig. 7. The main welding circuit may be tracedfrom the binding post 36 by way of the conductor '37 to the bracket 14thence through the pivot 13 or connection 13 around the post to thelever 12 and clip 22, and then through the welding pencil 27 which isbrought sufficiently close to the work 38 as to form an arc. The currentthen returns by way of the conductor 39 to the source of supply bindingpost 40. The circuit or coil 7 of the solenoid is connected on one sideto the conductor 37 and on the other side to a push button switch 41normally open but adapted to be closed by the operators finger when hegrasps the cylinder 1 to establish a circuit through the conductor 42and to the terminal 43 adapted to be connected to the work 38. Theterminal 43 is adapted to be secured temporarily to the work 38 in orderto establish a shunt circuit to supply a current to the coil 7 of thesolenoid. This shunt is carried across the arc from one side of thecircuit to the other. It is open until the operator closes the switch41. This is a convenient thing to do since it is located upon the toolitself as shown in Fig. 1. In this figure this switch is shown to becomposed of a clip 44 connected as shown in Fig. 4 to the flexibleconductor 45 which in turn is connected to the terminal 43 as shown inFig. 7. The other side of this switch is composed of a spring 46 mountedupon the block of insulating material 47 which is secured to the top ofthe solenoid and the circuit is led from this clip 46 in two directions,one to the solenoid nection with the bracket 14 and thus enable currentto pass through the buzzer from the conductor 87 to the clip 46 in shuntof the coil 7 of the solenoid.

This circuit and buzzer are for the purpose of informing the operatorthat his tool has been brought too close to the work and there is notsufficient room for the necessary variations of his pencil by means ofthe solenoid. When the operator hears the signal or buzzer, he lifts histool slightly so that the contact 53 and the core 9 are separated andthereafter his welding goes on as before. An audible signal is ofparticular value in this connection since during the operation ofwelding the operator observes his arc through smoked glass which is sodark that he is unable to see much else. A signal which would be visibleordinarily would be invisible through the glass so that some other sortof signal is essential to inform him when his tool is not held at theproper distance from the work. the spring 52 are located upon a block ofin sulating material 54 which is supported by posts 55 upon the bottomof the solenoid 4. The conductor 51 is shown in Figs. 1, 8 and 5. Thesefigures shown how the conductor is concealed between the outside of thesolenoid coil and within the cylindrical cover or handle 1.

The flanges 3 and 4 of the solenoid are provided with slots or cut-outportions 55 through which the wire 51 is adapted to pass in order thatit may be concealed with- The contact 58 and i the solenoid is aninsulating block 47 shown in Fig. 1. The upper portion of this block isremoved in Figs. 5 and 6. Upon the top of this block which is secured tothe spool ofthe solenoid in any suitable way is mounted the buzzer 50 asshown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4.. In Fig. 1 is shown the connecting conductor51 leading from a binding post 56 upon the buzzer into the solenoidhandle 1. This is shown more clearly in Figs. 5 and 6. This conductor isconnected to the binding post 57 upon the block 54 which in turn isconnected to the spiral spring 52 and contact 53. The conductor from theother binding post '58 is shown in Fig. 4 and is carried through theedge of the block '47 and connected to the spring clip 46 as shown. Thespring clip 46 has also connected to it as shown in Fig. 4, a conductor59 leading to one end of the solenoid coil 7 as shown at 59 in Fig. 5.The other end of the solenoid coil is carried through the hole in thebracket 14 as shown in Fig.6 and secured by a proper binding screw 61 toI the bracket. Surrounding the mechanism upon the bottom of the solenoidis located the hollow cylinder 62 having suitable cut-out portions 63the spring clip 46 and presses it into contact with the spring clip 44thereby closing the pair of contacts 41 and introducing the solenoidinto a normally open shunt circuit adapted to be closed by means of thetermi nal 43 to the work 38. When the latter connection has beenestablished, the operator may bring his pencil into contact with thework 38 in order that an arc may be drawn.

' The current that creates the arc travels from the source of supply 36by way of a conductor 37 to the binding post 15 through the bracket 14to the lever 12 to the pencil 27, to I the work, 38 thence by way ofconductor 39 to the other terminal 40 of the source of supply. When thepencil is brought into contact, a part of the current is diverted fromthe solenoid circuit through the circuit of the pencilthereby reducingthe electro responsive effect of the solenoid which has the effect ofreleasing the core 9 somewhat so that under the influence of the spring29 the pencil is drawn away from the work thereby creating an arc. Thelimits of motion of the core 9 andthe strength of the solenoid 7 and thetension of the spring 29 are so adjusted to each other that when theaction of drawing the arc takes place, the

, arc is drawn to the right length for welding purposes. It is drawnrapidly and automati- J cally so that the operator needs no training orskill to enable him to perform this function properly.

I i The preferred form of my invention is shown in Figs. 8 and 9. InFigs. 1 and 7, the lever and clip which carry the pencil are mounted toswing about the pivot 13. The result of this arrangement is that as thelever 12 vibrates sufiiciently under the influence of the spring 29 andthe core 8, the end of the welding pencil, where it is nearest the workand from which the arc is drawn, swings along a curve of which the pivot13 is the center. This action somewhat interferes with the best weldingresults. My construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9 overcomes this"difliculty. In these figures, the

vwelding pencil is so held and manipulated thetube 67 by pinning it asindicated at 68 or by brazing it into the tube or securing it in anyother suitable manner. The tube 67 is adapted to slide freely within thetubular housing 69 which forms an extension of the bracket 14. The plug66 is provided with ears 70 between which'the end 71 of the lever 12 ispivoted loosely, the hole in the lever l2 being'elongated to give thepivot free play. The lever 12 is pivoted at 13 in the bracket 14. Thehousing 69 is open as shown at 72 for the purpose of giving the lever l2free play where it enters the housing and also for the purpose ofallowing access to the binding nut 34*. The tube 67 is also slotted asshown at 73 for the purpose also of allowing the lever 12 proper freedomof action. The flexible connection 13 is soldered at one end to one ofthe ears 73 of the plug 66 and the other end is secured as shown in Fig.9 under the plate 74 which is screwed to the bracket 14 for the purposeof carrying the current from the bracket to the pencil carrying clips.

In other respects, the construction is the same as that in Fig. 1 andthe construction shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 is shown in section inthis Fig. 8. The handle 1 is secured to the spool 10. This spool.includes the tubular portion and the bottom flange 10 both beingcomposed preferably of brass. The top flange 3 is preferably made ofsteel or iron; and secured to the bottom flange is the steel or ironflange 4. These flanges are provided with'the cut-out portionsheretofore described which allows afree circulation of air within thehandle 1 thereby keeping it fairly cool and comfortable to the hand.Secured to the top flange 3 are the two blocks 47 a and 47 upon the topof which is mounted the buzzer 50.

The play of the core in this figure is approximately the same as that=in Fig. l and amounts to perhaps an inch. The play of the other end ofthe lever 12, namely the end 71, amounts to about half that amount. Thisproportion is found most effective for the regulation of the arc.

In Fig. 8 the core 9 is shown in contact with the contact point 53 thelever being in the'extreme position. When the circuit of the solenoid isclosed however, the core is instantly brought up to its proper positionwhere the force of the solenoid balances the tension of the spring 29*.

The operation of the construction in this figure is evident, thechiefdifference from the operation of construction shown in the other figuresbeing that the pencil moves in a straight lineinstead of in the arc of acircle.

In the operation of welding. an operators hand is, as a rule unsteadyand he is unable to prevent variations in the length of the are due tothis unsteadiness.

This fault is more pronounced among operators who are poorly trained andmost pronounced with an operator who has had no training.

This'fault is corrected by my invention. When such unsteadiness tends todraw the pencil too far from thework, the arc begins to-increaee inlength thereby increasing its resistance and cutting down the currentflow across the arc. This has the effect of divert- :3 which has theeffect of exerting a greater ing more current through the solenoid coilness, the pencil tends toward shortening the arc, a greater currentstarts to flow through the arc owing to its reduced resistance and thishas the effect of decreasing the strength of the solenoid pull so thatthe spring 29 pulls the pencil correspondingly away from the work.

These variations take place between such narrow limits that forpractical purposes, the arc remains steady and uniform and delivers aconstant flow of metal from the welding pencil to the work therebyavoiding the porosity of the weld which otherwise might occur.

Many variations of my invention are possible without departing from thespirit of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. In, an aro welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said pencilto drawsaid pencil away from the work, an operators handle, saidoperators handle adapted to approach the pencil to the work,

- signal mounted upon said combination anda limiting contact mountedupon said combination adapted 'to connect electrically with said leverwhen the combination is brought too close to the work to inform theoperator thereof.

2. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil, subjectto thecontrol of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said pencil,a resilient device to draw said pencil away from the work, an operatorshandle associated with an electro-responsive device to approach thepencil to the work a signal mounted upon said combination and a limitingcontact mounted upon said combination adapted to connect electricallywith said lever when the combination is brought too close to the work toinform the operator thereof, said contact being resiliently mounted soas not to interfere with the motion of said lever.

3. In an electric arc welding system, a freely movable welding tooladapted to be held and supported by the operator during the weldingoperation and having a handle adapted to be grasped by the hand of theoperator whereby the operator is enabled to support and manipulatethewelding tool, said welding tool having a movable welding electrode,and an electro-responsive de vice in said tool having a movable partresponsive to fluctuations in the weldlng current to maintain thewelding arc at an even heat.

In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subject tothe control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought into contactwith a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said pencil, aresilient device to draw said pencil away from the work, an operatorshandle adapted to be wielded manually, carrying an electro-responsivedevice to approach the pencil to the work, said electro-responsivedevice being located in a shunt around the are.

5. In an arc Welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subject tothe control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought into contactwith a piece of work, a resilient device to draw said pencil away fromthe work and an operators handle adapted to be wielded manually carryingan electro-responsive device to control the position of the pencil withrelation to the work, said electro-responsive device being located in ashunt around the are.

6. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subject tothe control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought into contactwith a piece of work,-

a resilient device and an operators handle adapted to be wieldedmanually, carrying an electro-responsive device to control the positionof the pencil with relation to the work, an operators switch mountedupon said combination adapted to be closed by an operators hand whengrasping said handle, said electro-responsive device being located in ashunt around the are normally open at two points, one adapted to beclosed by said compensating lever carrying at one end said pencil on oneside of its fulcrum and an electrically influenced magneticdevice associated with the other end of said compensatin g lever upon the otherside of said fulcrum located at a substantially greater distance fromsaid fulcrum than said pencil to approach the pencil to the work, and atension spring to draw said pencil away from the work.

20. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adaptedto be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a resilient device, means to adjust saidresilient device, and an operators handle carrying an electro-responsivedevice to control the position of the pencil with relation to the work.

21. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control ofan operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said penciland an electrically influenced magnetic device to approach the pencil tothe work, and a resilient device to draw said pencil away from the work.

22. In an arc Welding system, in combina' tion, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said pencil,an electrically influenced magnetic device to approach the pencil to thework, and a resilient device to draw said pencil away from the work,said resilient device exerting a pull upon said compensating leverat apoint close to its fulcrum. 23. lln an arc welding system, incombination, a welding pencil subject to the control of an operatorshand and adapted to be brought into contact with a piece of work, acompensating lever carrying at one end said pencil on one side of itsfulcum and an electrically influenced magnetic device associated withthe other end of said compensatmg lever upon the other side of saidfulcrum located at a substantially greater distance from said fulcrumvthan said pencil to approach the pencil to the work, and a resilientdevice to draw said pencil away from the work.

24. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subiectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought'intocontact with a piece of Work,

a compensating lever carrying said pencil and an electrically influencedmagnetic device, a resilient device, an operators handle, a bracketmounted thereon, said operators handle surrounding a solenoid coiladapted to attract said magnetic device to control the position of thepencil with relation to the work.

25. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work,

a compensating lever carrying said pencil and an electrically influencedmagnetic device to approach the pencil to the work, a resilient deviceto draw said pencil away from the work, and'an operators handleconsisting of a hollow cylinder surrounding an electro-responsive deviceadapted to attract said magnetic device to control the position of thepencil with relation to the work.

4 26. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a spring clip adapted to frictionally andresiliently hold said pencil, a compensating iever carrying said clip ononeside of its fulcrum and an electrically influenced magnetic deviceassociated with the other end of said compensating lever to approach thepencil to the work, a resilient device to draw said pencil away from thework, an operators. handle, carrying said fulcrum, said operators handlesurrounding solenoid coil adapted to attract said magnetic device tocontrol the position of the pencil with relation to the work. 27. in anarc welding system, in combination, awelding pencil subject to thecontrol of an operators hand and adapted to be brought into contact witha piece of work,

a spring clip adapted to frictionally hold said pencil at one end saidclip on one side of its fulcrum and an electrically influenced magneticdevice associated with the other end of said compensating lever upon theother side of said fulcrum located at a substantially greater distancefrom said ful-. crum than said pencil to approach the pencil to thework, a resilient device to draw said pencil away from the work, anoperators handle, a bracket mounted thereon carrying said fulcrum, saidoperators handle surrounding a solenoid coil adapted to attract saidmagnetic device to control the position of the pencil with relation tothe work.

28. lln an arc welding system, in combi- I at one end said clip on oneside of its fulrying an eleotro-responsive device to con- 'trol theposition of the pencil with relation to the work, saidelectro-responsive device being located in a shunt around the are, saidresilient device and said elect'ro-responsivedevice being so adjusted.to each other and to the current as to maintain substantially a steadyarc.

9. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subject tothe. control of an operators hand and adaptedto be brought into contactwith a piece of work,

a resilient device, and an operators handle 1 consisting of a hollowcylinder surrounding an electro-responsive device to control theposition of the pencil with relation to the work. 10. In an arc weldingsystem, in combination, a welding pencil subject tothe con trol of anoperators hand and adapted to be brought into contact with a piece ofwork, a resilient device to draw said pencil away from the work, and anoperators handle consisting of a hollow cylinder; surrounding anelectro-responsive device to approach the pencil to the work.

11. In. an arc weldin system, in combinat1on,'a welding penci subject tothe control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought into contactwith a piece of work, a compensating lever carryin said pencil,

a resilient device to draw sai pencil away from the work, an operatorshandle consisting of a hollow cylinder surrounding an electro-responsivedevice to approach the pencil to the .work and an audible signal mountedupon-said combination.

12. In an arcwelding system, in combina: tion, a weiding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, i a compensating lever carrying saidpencil, a resilient device to draw said pencil away from the work, anoperators handle consisting of a hollow cylinder surrounding an.

electro responsive device to approach the pencil to the work, an audiblesignal mounted upon said combination, and an operators switch mountedupon said handle.

13. In an arc welding system in combination, a welding pencil subject tothe control 7 of an'operators handand adapted to be acompensating levercarrying said pencil, a 1

brought into contact with a piece of work,

signal mounted upon said combination, operated by a limiting contactmounted upon said combination adapted to electrically connect with saidlever when the combination is brought too close to the work to informthe operator thereof.

14. In an arc welding system, in combination, a Welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and-adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said pencil,

an audible signal mounted upon said combimounted upon said combinationadapted toconnect electrically with said lever when the combination-isbrought too close to the work to inform the operator thereof, saidcontact being resiliently mounted so as not to interfere with the motionof said lever.

16. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact "with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying saidpencil, an operators handle associated with an electrore'sponsive devicesuch as a solenoid coil, an audible signal mounted upon saidcombination, operated by a limiting contact mounted upon saidcombination adapted to connect electrically with said lever when thecombiing resiliently mounted so as not to interfere with the motion ofsaid lever.

17. In an electric arc welding system, a

handle, a movable weldingdevice combined with an audible signal and alimiting stop to cause the operation of said signal when said weldingdevice drifts beyond the range of position provided with relation tosaid handle.

18. In an arc Welding system, in combination, a Welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand composed of welding metal andadapted to be brought into contact with a piece of work, a spring clipadapted to frictionally hold said pencil at one end, on one side of itsfulcrum, and an electrically influenced magnetic device associated withthe other end of said compensating lever upon the other side of saidfulcrum, located at a substantially greater dis tance from said fulcrumthan said pencil,

'29. In an arc Welding system, incombina;

tion, a Welding pencil subject to the control of an operators hand andadapted to be brought into contact with a piece of work, a spring clipadapted to frictionally hold said pencil, a compensating lever carryingat one end said clip on one-side of its fulcrum and an electricallyinfluenced magnetic device associated with the other end of saidcompensating lever upon the other side of said fulcrum located at asubstantially greater distance from said fulcrum to said pencil toapproach the pencil to the Work, a resilient device to'draw said pencilaway from the work, an operators handle and a bracket mounted thereoncarrying said fulcrum, said operators handle surrounding a solenoid coiladapted to attract said magnetic device to control the. position of thepencil with relation to the work and an operators switch mounted uponsaid electroresponsive device, said devlce being located in a shuntaround the are normally open at two points, one adapted to be closedbysaid operators switch, and the other including a terminal flexiblyconnected to said combination and adapted to be brought into con-" tactwith the work.

30. In an arc welding system. in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a spring clip adapted to frictionally holdsaid pencil, a compensating lever carrying at one end said clip on oneside of its fulcrum and an electrically influenced magnetic deviceassociated with the other end of said compensating lever upon the otherside of said fulcrum located at a substantially greater distance fromsaid fulcrum than said pencil to approach the pencil to the Work, aresilient device to draw said pencil away from the work, an operatorshandle and a bracket nation, a welding pencil subject to the control ofan operators hand and adapted to be brought into contact with a piece ofwork, a compensating lever carrying said pencil, and a resilient device,said resilient device exerting a pull upon said compensating lever at apoint close to its fulcrum.

32. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying at one endsaid pencil on one side of its fulcrum and an electrically influenced-magnetic device associated with the other end of said compensatinglever upon the other side of said fulcrum, and a resilient device todraw said pencil away from the work, said resilient device eXert-ing apull upon said compensating lever at a point close to its fulcrum.

33. In an arc welding system, in combination, a-welding pencil subjectto the control: of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying at one endsaid pencil on one side of its fulcrum and an electrically influencedmagnetic device associated with the other end of said compensating leverupon the other side of said fulcrum located at a substantially greaterdistance 7 from said fulcrum than said pencil, to approach the pencil tothe work, a resilient device to draw said pencil away. from the .work,said resilient device exerting a pull upon said compensating lever at apoint close to its fulcrum, an operators handle and a bracket thereoncarrying said fulcrum, said operators handle associated with anelectroresponsive device adapted to attract said magnetic device tocontrol the position of the pencil with relation to the work.

34. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work and an" electrically influenced magneticdevice to approach the pencil to the work, an

opera-tors handle, said operators handle adapted to attract saidmagnetic device to control the position of the pencil with relation tothe work and an operators' switch mounted upon said handle adapted to beclosed by an operators hand when grasping said handle, saidelectro-responsive device being located in a shunt around the arcnormally open at two points one adapted to be closed by said operatorsswitch.

35. In an arc Welding system, in combina- N 1 tion, a welding pencilsubject to the control of anoperators band and adapted to be operatorshandle carrying an electro responsive device adapted to attract saldmagand an electrically influenced magnetic device to approach the pencilto the work, an operators handle carrying an electro-responsive deviceadapted to attract said magnetic device to control the position of thepencil with relation to the work and an operators switch mounted uponsaid handle adapted to be closed by an operators hand when grasping saidhandle, said elect-ro-responsive device being located in a shunt aroundthe are normally open at two points one adapted to be closed by saidoperators switch and the other including a terminal flexibly connectedto said combination and adapted to be brought into contact with thework. I

37. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work and an electrically influenced magneticde-.

.vice to approach the pencil to the work, an

operator s handle carrying an electro-responsive device adapted toattract said mag netic device to control the position of the pencil withrelation to the work, an audible signal mounted upon said combinationand an operators switch mouned-upon said handle adapted to be closed byan operators hand when grasping said handle, said electro-responsivedevice being located in a shunt around the arc in a circuit normallyopen and adapted to be closed by said operators switch,-'and saidaudible signal having 'electro-responsive operating means located inshunt of said solenoid coil.

38. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work in order that an arc may be drawn, anoperators handle associated with an electro-responsive device adapted toattract said magnetic device to control the position of the pencil withrelation to the work, and an audible signal mounted upon saidcombination, said audible signal having electro-re sponsive operatingmeans located in shunt of said electro-responsive device.

39. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work and an electrically influenced magneticdevice, an operators handle associated with an electro-responsive deviceto control the position of the pencil with relation to the work and asignal mounted upon said combination operated by a limiting contactmounted upon said combination adapted to connect electrically with saidlever when the combination is brought too close to the work to informthe operator thereof.

40. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted tobe brought intocontact with a piece of work and an electrically influenced magneticdevice, an operators handle associated with an electro-responsive deviceto control the position of the pencil with relation to the work and anaudible signal mounted upon said combination operated by a limitingcontact mounted upon said combination adapted to connect electricallywith said magnetic device when the combination is brought too close tothe work to inform the operator thereof.

41. In an arc welding system in combination, a welding pencil subject tothe control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought into contactwith a piece of work and an electrically influenced magnetic device, anoperator s handle associated with an electro-responsive device tocontrol the position of the pencil with relation to the work and anaudible signal mounted upon said combination operated by a limitingcontact mounted upon said combination adapted to connect electricallywith said magnetic device when the combination is brought too close tothe work to inform the operator thereof, said contact being resilientlymounted so as not to interfere with the motion of said lever.

42. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil, subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work and an electrically influenced magneticdevice adapted to reciprocate sluggishlv to anproach the pencil to thework, a resilient device upon said pencil and an operators handleassociated with an electro-responsive device adapted to attract saidmagnetic device to control the position of the pencil with relation tothe work.

43. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an 'operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontactlwith a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said penciland an electrically influenced magnetic device adapted to reciprocatesluggishly to approach the pencil to the work. a resilient.

device to draw said pencil away from the work and anoperators handleassoclated III with an electro-responsive device adapted to attract saidmagnetic device to control the position of the pencil with relation tothe work.

44. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought mtocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said pencilon one side of its fulcrum and an electrically influencedmagnetic'device adapted toreciprocate sluggishly upon the other side ofsaid fulcrum to approach the pencil to the work, a resilient device to,draw said pencil away from the Work and an operators handle associatedwith an electro-respoiisive device adapted to attract said magneticdevice to control the position of the pencil with relation to the work.

45. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said penciland adapted to reciprocate sluggishly.

46. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a spring clip adapted to frictionally andresilient-ly hold saidpencil, a compensating lever carrying said pencilon one side of its fulcrum and an electrically influenced mag neticdevice adapted to reciprocate sluggishly upon the other side of saidfulcrum located at a substantially greater distance from said fulcrumthan said pencil to approach the pencil to the work, a resilient deviceto draw said pencil away from the work,-

said resilient device exerting a pull upon said pencil, an operatorshandle carrying said fulcrum, said operators handle associated with anelectro-responsive device Q adapted to attract said magnetic-device toapproach the pencil to the work.

47. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a

spring clip adapted to frictionally and resiliently hold said pencil, acompensating lever carrying said pencil on one side of its fulcrum andan electrically influenced magnetic device adapted to reciprocate sluganoperators handle carrying said fulcrum,

said operators handle associated with an electro-responsive deviceadaptedto attract said magnetic'devme to approach the pencil to the workand .an operators switch 60 gishly upon the other side of said fulcrummounted .upon said handleadapted to be of an operators hand and adaptedto be tion, a welding pencil subject to the control sages between themwith inlets and exit passageways for air cooling purposes.

49. In an arc welding system, in combinaof an operators hand and adaptedto be brought into contact-with a piece of work, a compensating leverfor causing the movement of said pencil and an electrically influencedmagnetic device to approach the pencil to the work and means opposingsaid magnetic device to draw said pencil away from the work.

. '50. In an arc welding system, in combination, a Welding pencilsubject to the control of an operators hand and adapted to be broughtinto contact with a piece of work, an operato'rs handle associated withan electro-responsive device to control the position of the pencil withrelation to the work and means to cause said welding pencil to vibratein a substantially straight line to and from the work and guidingdevices for said element to guide it to and from the work.

51. In an arc welding system, in combina tion, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of Work, an operators handleassociated with anelectro-responsive device to control the position of the pencil withrelation to the work. and means to render the motion of said pencilsluggish. 52. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencilsubject to the control 110 of an'operators hand and adapted to bebrought into contact with a piece of work, an operators handleassociated with an electro-responsive device to control the position ofthe pencil with relation to the work. and 116 means to render the motionof said pencil sluggish consisting of a dash pot.

53. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of. an operators .hand and adapted to be 120 brought intocontact with a piece of work, an operators handle associated with anelectro-responsive device to control the position of the pencil withrelation to the work and means to render the motion of said penc1l-125sluggish consisting of a dash pot device having a piston. V

54. In an arc welding system, in combmation a'welding pencil subject tothe control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought into contactwith a piece of Work, an operators handle associated with anelectro-responsive device to control the position of the pencil withrelation to the work and means to render the motion of said pencilsluggish consisting of a dash pot device having a iston of selflubricating substance.

55. 11 an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjecttothe control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of work, a 'compensating lever carrying said penciladapted to reciprocate sluggishly, a magnetic core, an operators handleassociated with an electro-responsive device to control the position ofthe pencil with relation to the work and means to' render the'motion ofsaid pencil sluggish consisting of a dash pot device having a piston ofcarbon linked to said core.

56. In an arc welding system, in combina tion a Welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand and adapted to be brought intocontact witha piece of work, a compensating lever carrying said penciland an electrically influenced magnetic device, an operators handleassociated with an electro-responsive device to control the position ofthe pencil with relation to the work and means to render the motion ofsaid pencil sluggish consisting of a dash pot device having a piston ofcarbon linked to said compensating lever.

57. In an arc weldlng system, 1n combination, a welding pencil subjectto the contion, a welding pencil subject to the control of an operatorshand and adapted to be brought into contact with a piece of work, anoperators handle associated with an electro-responsive device to controlthe position of the pencil with relation to the Work and magneticflanges for the spool of said electro-responsive device, the flangessurrounding the movable core being spaced therefrom to prevent magneticinterference with its action.

59. In an electric arc welding system, a handle, a movable weldingdevice combined with an audible signal and a limiting stop to cause theoperation of said signal when said welding device drifts out of positionwith relation to said handle.

60. In an arc welding system, in combination, a welding pencil subjectto the control of an operators hand, and adapted to be brought intocontact with a piece of Work to establish an arc, a compensating lever,mounting said pencil, electro-responsive means to influence theoperation of said lever, in its relation to the arc and a resilientdevice opposing said ele'ctro-responsive de-' vice and so located withrelation to said compensating lever as to maintain an even resilienteffect throughout the range of motion of said compensating lever.

61. In an electric welding system, in combination, a Welding pencilsubject to the control of an operators hand and adapted to be broughtmanually into contact with a piece of work, a compensating lever adaptedto cause the movement of said pencil, an electrically influencedmagnetic device adapted to actuate said lever to approach the pencil tothe Work, and a tension spring opposing said magnetic device to drawsaid pencil away from the work.

62. In an electric arc Welding system, a freely movable handle adaptedto be grasped by the hand of an operator and carrying a movable weldingelectrode, an electro-responsive device mounted thereon having a movablepart to maintain the Welding are at an even heat and means to minimizethe range of movement of said electrode with relation to that of themovable part of said electro-responsive device.

63. In an electric arc welding system, a freely'movable handle adaptedto be grasped by the hand of an operator and carrying a movable weldingelectrode, an electro-responsive device mounted thereon having a movablepart to maintain thewelding are at an even heat and resilient means toevenly I oppose the inrruence of said electro-responsive deviceregardless of the relative positions of said movable part and of saidelectrode.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,this 22d day of March, A. D. 1915.

ERNST woLTMANN.

Witnesses:

MYRON F. HILL, GLADYS Four).

